The purpose of this study was the recovery of lead from leaching residue of zinc OXIDIZED ORES. The samples were collected from the tailing generated in zinc leaching process in Dandy manufactory located in Zanjan which belongs to Calsimine Company. After primary characterization studies of samples and determining the lead sulphate in residue as major phase, the experimental work were carried out to recover lead from the residue, for this purpose brine leaching process was used in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The effects of several factors on leaching process were investigated and optimum conditions obtained as follows: pH: 1, pulp density: 50 g/l, temperature: 20 °C, rate of mixing: 1000 rpm. Time of leaching: 30 min. Under these conditions about 95% of lead was dissolved.

It is well-known that the rate of chemical leaching of COPPER sulfides in limited. So, the important question is whether a mixture of Fe-S oxidizing bacteria can be used to increase the COPPER recovery from this part of ore and what are the optimum conditions? Therefore, this study is aimed at studying the influence of important parameters such as pH, Fe+2 and Fe+3 concentration and to determine the optimum operating conditions for increasing COPPER recovery from Sarcheshmeh low grade heap 3 ore. Using Taguchi method design, shake flask tests were designed and performed in addition to column tests. From the results of these experiments it can be pointed out that COPPER recovery can be increased to about 90% under optimum condition. Compared to the results of chemical leaching, COPPER recovery by mixed mesophiles is increased about 30% and that by moderate thermophiles about 40%.

It is always attempted to reduce the costs of comminution in mineral processing plants. One of the difficulties in size reduction section is not to be designed properly. The key factor to design size reduction units such as crushers and grinding mills, is ore’s work index. The work index, wi, presents the ore grindability, and is used in Bond formula to calculate the required energy. Bond has defined a specific relationship between some parameters which is applied to calculate wi, which are control screen, fine particles produced, feed and product d80.In this research work, a high grade COPPER sample from Miduk COPPER concentrator was prepared, and its work index values were experimentally estimated, using different control screens, 600, 425, 212, 150, 106 and 75 microns. The obtained results from the tests showed two different behaviors in fine production. According to these two trends the required models were then defined to present the fine mass calculation using control screen. In next step, an equation was presented in order to calculate Miduk COPPER ore work index for any size. In addition to verify the model creditability, a test using 300 microns control screen was performed and its result was compared with calculated ones using defined model, which showed a good fit. Finally the experimental and calculated values were compared and their relative error was equal to 4.11% which is an indication of good fit for the results.

Prioritising mines for investment is one of the major issues in mining economic. In this kind of problem, mines are ranked according to the conditions and characteristics of mines like value of mine reserve, production capacity of mines etc.. Based on this ranking, investment priority for each mines determined. In this study, priority investment for OXIDIZED COPPER mines in Semnan province has been found using the TOPSIS method, a multi-criteria decision-making methods. TOPSIS method is based on the concept that the chosen alternative should have the shortest geometric distance from the positive ideal solution and the longest geometric distance from the negative ideal solution. In this study, 12 different criteria, and 33 COPPER mines in Semnan province were considered for prioritization. The decision criteria were weighed by surveying of experts in the field and then the importance of each factor have been determined using AHP method. Finally, using TOPSIS method, Chah Mosa, Kolut and Chah Farakh COPPER mines are ranked as first, second and third priority for investment, respectively. Also, sensitivity analysis is done to find the weight of criteria which are the most effective in prioritizing mines.

The Tarom Sofia COPPER ore zone includes several OXIDIZED COPPER ore deposits, the most famous being Cheeseh, Aghdarreh and Yarnaghan deposits. In view of the diversity of reserves and productivity of ore deposits in the area, two production capacities ( high: 2000 tpd and low: 90 tpd) , two leaching processes and two methods of recovery were considered to compare the economics of cementation vs. solvent extraction for recovering COPPER from leach solutions of these ORES. Taking all the three parameters (production capacity, leaching processes and methods of recovery) into consideration eight alternatives was evaluated. Capital costs were estimated by employing order of magnitude calculations while operating costs were estimated by scaling up lab- scale costs. Economic comparison was made by the NPV method.The results showed that the NPV of the high capacity model was higher than the low capacity model while vat leaching has a lower NPV than agitation leaching. Similarly it was shown that cementation for the low capacity model has a higher NPV than solvent extraction while for the high capacity model the order is reversed. Hence it is concluded that for capacities less than or equal to 90 tpd cementation is the economically preferable method for recovering COPPER from leach solutions but for capacities greater than or equal to 2000 tpd solvent extraction is the better option.

One of the applications of remote sensing is to study and classify the alteration areas, which is one of the fastest methods to explore the porphyry COPPER deposit, determine its accumulation center and location of drilling points. The aim of this study is to identify argillic, phyllite, and propylitic alterations in small exploration ranges and to determine porphyry COPPER accumulation area as well. In this regard, an algorithm on the basis of deep convolutional cane crusts was designed. In the proposed algorithm, first, preprocessings such as geometric and spectral correction and repairing and training data amplification were performed in order to prepare RGB and SWIR data of the ASTER sensor to enter the chip. The proposed convolutional shear chip (CNN) has a coder-decoder structure that in the coding stage different and efficient features are extracted at different scales and in the decoding stage the generated features are combined to estimate the alteration regions. Then, the desired network was implemented for the images of the studied exploratory area called "Customs Mouth" located in Jiroft city, and the alteration areas of the region were extracted. For field evaluation of the results, lithological and geochemical methods were used on 84 samples. By merging the network results, extracting the geometric structure of the alterations and locating it on the fine COPPER and gold interpolation map of the region, and examining the lithological results, the alterations of the region with a statistical accuracy of sensitivity parameters: 0. 943, F1 score: 0. 472, IoU: 0. 896 and lithographic detection accuracy 92% and an average COPPER grade above 4% were identified in these areas. The digging trenches map to extract mineral deposits was obtained on the basis of the detected alterations.

The presence of COPPER bearing minerals in cyanidation of gold ORES may lead to several challenges in the CIP/CIL circuits. Many solutions have been proposed to address these problems, one being the use of glycine in the cyanidation process. Here, the experimental as well as molecular modelling studies using Density Functional Theory (DFT) have been conducted to investigate the glycine role in cyanidation of COPPER bearing gold ORES. The results show that in the presence of glycine in the solution containing COPPER-cyanide species and in very low or zero free cyanide content, the dissolution rate of gold is significantly improved (3.02 vs. 0.23 ppm), while no improvement is observed in COPPER free or cyanide enriched solutions. Molecular modeling has been performed to interpret the laboratory results as well as to identify the mechanisms. The modeling results demonstrate that in cyanide deficient solutions, cyanide complex of COPPER complexes (E = -319 kCal.mol-1) is replaced by glycine, and the free cyanide produced results in higher gold cyanidation as well as lower COPPER cyanide formation.

Effect of concentration parameters on recovery of zinc OXIDIZED minerals from lead flotation tailings of Dandy mineral processing plant in north-western Iran was studied. A sulfidization-flotation method has been used on a laboratory scale to investigate the effect of various reagents such as sodium sulfide as sulfidizing agent, primary amine as collector, dispersants and flocculants with different concentrations to reach an optimum zinc recovery. Among the dispersants tested, hexametaphosphate gave a higher zinc grade 40.4% and 70% recovery. Usually de-sliming is used to increase the recovery of zinc, however, analyses have shown that fine particles in the sample mostly contain zinc, thus de-sliming is not suggested.

Artificial Neural Network was used for predicting optimized conditions of column leaching on COPPER oxide ore. Optimization, control and analysis of heap leaching implicate an accurate, proper and comprehensive modeling. Providing such models need to identify all the effective parameters and their impact simultaneously on the output of the process. Important parameters such as height of column, particles size, acid flow rate and leaching time were studied and it was investigated their impacts on recovery of COPPER. Experiments were performed in three columns with the heights of 2, 4 and 6 meters and in the particle size distributions of 25.4 and 50.8 mm. The results showed that the COPPER recovery has an inverse relation with the column height and particle sizes. This relation is direct with leaching time and acid flow rate. The COPPER recovery obtained in the columns with heights of 2, 4 and 6 m were78.63%, 66.27%, and 52.89% respectively. According to the results, the Trained ANN modeling predicts the COPPER recovery based on operation conditions.